1. Parallel and distributed databases 

Principles and applications of database technology-Normalization Techniques -Database 

System Architectures-Centralized and Client-Server Architectures – Server System 

Architectures – Parallel Systems- Distributed Systems – Parallel Databases: I/O Parallelism – 

Inter and Intra Query Parallelism – Inter and Intra operation Parallelism – Distributed 

Database Concepts – Distributed Data Storage – Distributed Transactions – Commit Protocols – Concurrency Control – Distributed Query Processing – Three Tier Client Server Architecture- Case Studies. 

2.Object and object relational databases   

Introduction to Object Oriented Data Bases - Approaches - Modeling and Design 

-Persistence – Query Languages-Transaction– Multi Version Locks – 

Recovery – POSTGRES – JASMINE –GEMSTONE - ODMG Model- Concepts for Object 

Databases: Object Identity – Object structure – Type Constructors – Encapsulation of 

Operations – Methods – Persistence – Type and Class Hierarchies – Inheritance – Complex 

Objects – Object Database Standards,  , Temporal database , Languages and Design: ODMG 

Model – ODL – OQL – Object Relational and Extended – Relational Systems : Object 

Relational features in SQL / Oracle – Case Studies- Enhanced Data Models - Client/Server 

Model - Data Warehousing and Data Mining - 

Web Databases – Mobile Databases- XML and Web Databases 

3. XML databases  

 XML Databases: XML Data Model – DTD – XML Schema – XML Querying – Web Databases – JDBC – Information Retrieval – Data Warehousing – Data Mining. 

4. Mobile databases  

 Mobile Databases: Location and Handoff Management – Effect of Mobility on Data 

Management – Location Dependent Data Distribution – Mobile Transaction Models – Concurrency Control – Transaction Commit Protocols- Mobile Database Recovery Schemes. 

5. Intelligent databases  

Rules- Active databases – Deductive Databases – Knowledge bases-Multimedia Query languages - Spatial Databases – Multimedia Databases- Multidimensional Data Structures – Image Databases – Text/Document Databases- Video Databases – Audio Databases – Multimedia Database Design.